Blood Gem (16)
Volume 4: Peace and Development · Chapter 86
Hearing about the characteristics of personnel from different classes in the world revolution, Li Dazhao was speechless for a moment. After pondering for a while, a thought suddenly popped up in his mind, "Is Chairman He preparing to form a Comintern?"
The young man shook his head. "Not a Comintern, but a world-class public academic institution. This institution provides academic research in economics and politics to the world. Of course, Mr. Li, as a socialist country, our research direction is definitely based on our progressive stance, and we will never provide academic services to those barbaric and backward power holders. Our academic services are provided to progressives all over the world, to people all over the world."
The words sounded high-sounding, and Li Dazhao felt it wasn't quite real at first, even making him feel uncomfortable. Silently sorting out his thoughts, Li Dazhao suddenly found that this discomfort was actually... 'shyness.' Just when Li Dazhao was surprised by his reaction, the young man opposite smiled slightly, "Sir, China is looked down upon because its contribution to the world is too small. Now providing our knowledge to the world, isn't it what we should do?"
Li Dazhao shook his head slightly. He understood his feelings at this time. Although Li Dazhao was a staunch patriot, he felt that China might not have the strength to provide the most advanced knowledge system to the world now. Moreover, Li Dazhao also felt that foreigners would definitely not believe that the knowledge provided by China was the most advanced.
The young man fully understood Li Dazhao's feelings. He also felt quite surprised when he first heard this, but after studying, he no longer thought so.
"Sir, the Soviet Union is now the beacon in the hearts of the European people, the moral high ground, and the direction of future mankind. But economically, the New Economic Policy in the Soviet Union has failed. The Soviet economy develops steadily, but there are no bright spots. The Soviet Union proposed people's liberation, but its economic operation has completely entered a state of command economy. Now the Soviet Union looks strong not because the Soviet Union is very powerful, but because the predecessor of the Soviet Union, Russia, was originally one of the few great powers in the world. Although Russia had a gap compared with Germany, it was not a weak country in the world. What limits the Soviet Union's strength is the old Tsarist Russian aristocrats. After purging these Tsarist Russian aristocrats, the Soviet Union should become stronger. It is precisely because the Soviet Union's economic capacity is weak that it has not achieved the achievements it should have obtained."
Li Dazhao felt uncomfortable in his heart. He could understand these words and had to admit they made sense. But these words sounded very harsh.
The young man paused, giving Li Dazhao time to buffer. Li Dazhao thought for a moment and confirmed that He Rui indeed wanted to conduct external propaganda in the ideological field. This reminded Li Dazhao of the Comintern's policy.
From March 1919 to January 1924 when Lenin passed away, it was the early stage of the Third International's activities, and also a period of significant achievements under Lenin's leadership. From July 19 to August 7, 1920, the Third International held its Second Congress. Before the meeting, Lenin published *"Left-Wing" Communism: An Infantile Disorder*. At the meeting, Lenin made the *Report on the International Situation and the Fundamental Tasks of the Communist International* and the *Report of the Commission on the National and Colonial Questions*.
From June 22 to July 12, 1921, the Third International held its Third Congress. Lenin made the *Speech in Defense of the Tactics of the Communist International* and the *Report on the Tactics of the R.C.P.*. The congress believed that under the situation where the balance of international class forces was temporarily in equilibrium, the Communist Party should switch from direct attack to adopting roundabout tactics, proposing to the Communist Parties of various countries the task of winning over the majority of the working class and the slogan "To the Masses."
From November 5 to December 5, 1922, the Third International held its Fourth Congress. The congress focused on discussing the policy of the workers' united front, criticizing the "Left" and Right tendencies, passing the theses on tactical questions, and affirming the slogan "To the Masses."
As his thoughts unfolded, Li Dazhao felt more and more that He Rui might be singing a rival tune to the Soviet Union. Only then did he ask, "Is Chairman He dissatisfied with the term Marxism-Leninism proposed by the Soviet Union?"
The young man chuckled, "Chairman He is not that narrow-minded. He respects Mr. Lenin very much, so he doesn't care about this term. However, Chairman He disapproves of the Comintern's attitude towards the workers' parties of various countries. And he believes that the Soviet Union has had a relatively negative effect on the construction of communist parties in various countries recently."
Hearing this, Li Dazhao thought for a moment and understood. The Comintern Congress adopted the "21 Conditions for Admission to the Communist International," blocking the path for the right wing and centrists in the workers' political parties of various countries to join the Comintern at that time.
Especially at the Fifth Congress, it was proposed that all parties should build parties according to Lenin's party-building principles, putting forward the call to make all parties truly Bolshevized and further develop and rectify the united front.
Such an attitude could absolutely not be accepted by He Rui, nor could it be accepted by various political forces in China. At this time, Li Dazhao completely confirmed He Rui's thinking. If He Rui really wanted to conduct academic exchanges with foreign countries, he was obviously willing to cooperate with the left, center, and right forces of the left wing and workers' parties of various countries. He would not deliberately exclude anyone.
Having figured this out, Li Dazhao laughed, "Then I will wait to read Chairman He's brilliant views."
Seeing that Li Dazhao had understood He Rui's thinking, the young man smiled, "Sir has already seen Chairman He's strategy for this Sino-British war. I admire this strategy very much. For China, this is a necessity to meet head-on and collide frontally with Britain."
Li Dazhao was somewhat puzzled. "Why? Didn't Chairman He think that the reason Britain considered establishing diplomatic relations with us was economic issues?"
"For Britain's logic, to maintain the economic surplus in India, they have to consider cooperating with us. But the British logic cannot be applied generally in China. For us China, the war is not over. That countries around the world do not recognize the Republic government means they do not recognize that we have complete sovereignty. If we compromise to make these countries recognize the Republic government, it means we must recognize concessions, foreign troops, and pay indemnities. Because once recognized, our national security is fully threatened. For us, this is a matter of life and death."
Li Dazhao hesitated for a moment, then suddenly realized. Now, Li Dazhao stood up excitedly, punched the table, and muttered excitedly, "So that's it, so that's it!"
The main contents of the *Boxer Protocol* included: (1) China paid 450 million taels of silver to various countries, with principal and interest totaling more than 980 million taels of silver, mortgaged by customs duties and salt taxes, etc.; (2) The Legation Quarter in Dongjiaominxiang, Beijing was designated, allowing various countries to station troops for protection, and Chinese were not allowed to live in the quarter; (3) The forts from Dagu Fort in Tianjin to Beijing were demolished, allowing the powers to station troops at key points along the railway from Beijing to Shanhaiguan; (4) The Qing government guaranteed to strictly prohibit the people from participating in anti-imperialist movements; (5) The Qing government agreed to negotiate any amendments to various commercial regulations or other commercial matters deemed necessary by foreign countries; (6) Punish the "chief culprit ministers"; (7) Change the Zongli Yamen to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ranking before the Six Ministries; (8) The Qing government apologized to Germany and Japan, etc.
This was a comprehensive harm to China, while He Rui had defeated Japan for nearly two years. National unification had also been for a year. In the meantime, foreign garrisons in China were annihilated, and tens of thousands of foreign villains in China were executed, especially that group of foreigners serving in foreign concessions.
Coupled with the annihilation of a British fleet, everyone in China felt that foreign countries would not invade China again, the national humiliation was washed away, and everyone felt that the matter was over.
Li Dazhao originally thought so too. Because China and the Soviet Union had recognized each other and established formal diplomatic relations. Li Dazhao didn't think China had to establish diplomatic relations with countries around the world at this time. The current state was completely acceptable.
But now Li Dazhao realized that what He Rui pursued was not China's status quo; He Rui was striving to restore normal diplomatic relations with countries around the world.
Even if he only understood He Rui's strategic considerations now, Li Dazhao understood how difficult this matter was. Britain was ten thousand miles away from China. If Britain just didn't sign a treaty with China, what could the He Rui government do? Li Dazhao now believed that the Republic National Defense Force had the ability to defend China, but Li Dazhao did not believe that the Republic National Defense Force could fight to Britain ten thousand miles away and force Britain to sign a treaty with China.
If He Rui insisted on pressing Britain back to the negotiation table, he must give Britain huge pressure. Li Dazhao initially didn't understand why He Rui narrated 'British Empire' and 'England' separately and emphasized the difference between the two. At this moment, he suddenly realized. Pacing back and forth a few steps, Li Dazhao felt something again and asked the young man, "I wonder how big the interests Britain lost in China are?"
The young man thought for a moment. "Didn't calculate in detail, but 8 million pounds a year should be there."
Li Dazhao calculated a little and figured out this was tens of millions of taels of silver, and it was the net profit Britain took from China. He sighed, "No wonder Chairman He insisted on seizing Britain's economic interests in India. If Britain wasn't trying to protect larger interests, how could it give up smaller interests? Chairman He said before that the net profit Britain takes from India every year is about 28 million pounds."
Seeing that Li Dazhao fully understood, the young man felt there was nothing more to say. He stood up, "Since Sir has understood, I can only talk to Sir up to here today."
Li Dazhao felt very excited in his heart at this time. China had been poor and weak for too long and oppressed by foreign countries too ruthlessly, while He Rui won victory too fast, so much so that Li Dazhao felt the current China was actually very good. Now understanding that China's future road was still long and difficult, Li Dazhao couldn't help stepping forward and patting the young man's shoulder. "At my age, I just want to teach and do scholarly work. China's future depends entirely on you guys."
The young man nodded in agreement, picked up his satchel, and walked out. There were still many procedures for admission to the Party School, and the Party School would soon move to the new capital with the central government. There was still a lot of work in between, and no delay was allowed.